Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict

Introduction From the beginning of the 1988 a action lasts between the South Caucasian nations of Azerbaijan and Armenia over the ownership area of Nagorno-Karabakh. The conflict has resulted in a considerable crisis especially in Azerbaijan, with the number of dislocated refugees close to approximately one million. As a result of the war over the NK part with Armenia, Azerbaijan has lost the entire NK region and 7 more surrounding districts of Lachin, Kelbajar, Agdam, Gabrail, Fizuli, Khubadly and Zangilan to Armenia. So Azerbaijans territories are occupied and lost fourteen percent of the territory.The conflict is considered as an internal conflict by the major powers and international organizations. As known, from the beginning of 1988 the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh had an intra-state dimension which means the struggle for independence of Nagorno-Karabakh where are populate Armenian population. But since the beginning of 1922 the conflict possesses an inter-state dimension between two sovereign states Azerbaijan and Armenia. So the conflict has arrive one of the most intractable disputes in the international arena and it is also the conflict of the region which has the largest geo semi semipolitical signifi back toothce.So Azerbaijan and Armenia, as the two former Soviet Republics fought over the NK region from 1987 to 1994 in the forms of scratch communal clashes. Despite the fact that some(prenominal) states agreed on a cease-fire on the conflict in May 1994, the outcomes of the war are political turmoil, territorial losses and mass displacements. Though two sides recognised and ceased-fire armed force, merely nevertheless conflict or confrontations existing in the form of diplomatical relations and by other ties relations. Problem and Significance The problem of this conflict lies under the disagreement of belligerents Armenia and Azerbaijan.Especially, on the side of Armenian which occupied over the enclave discharge and doesnt want recognize either resolution are contested and suggested by organizations. Here, one of the problems is influence of external powers which can support its side and do financial and military aid. Also here another problem is the refugees problem from both sides to the conflict and their integration into society. To this day, discussion of the problem of refugees has focused exclusively on Azeris from Karabakh or Armenia, with no serious mention of Armenian refugees from Azerbaijan.A comprehensive and fair solution to the refugee problem, consistent with the most basic international human businesss standards, will treat all individuals that qualify as refugees independent of their national identity or current location of residence. But in case of significance, the main discern is the security issue which is so fragile. Because Caucasus states are located nearby Europe, Central Asia, Russia and Islamic states in which there are sufficient problems. It is so fragile because the conflict can e ffect to the neighbor states.This long-lasting problem must be provided by international organizations which peace-making process is going now and for future keeping safeness or security to the neighbors and for their sovereignty status. And this status must be resolve or guaranteed. Literature Review. The Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh (NK) region of Azerbaijan, which in its modern form has go along for 20 years, is a complicated case study of multi-vector and multi-layered claims, mostly from the Soviet times, ranging from history, economy, and legal status, used to justify the military occupation (along with seven adjacent regions).The phrase illustrates that roughly of the weaker claims were dropped altogether, whilst others were continually mixed with additional charges to make them stick. Despite solid legal, historic and moral grounds, Azerbaijan has been lagging in clarifying and explaining the fictitious charges of NKs supposed transfer to Azerbaij ans suzerainty in 1920s, the legal status of NK itself, its economic and financial well-being, and the impossibility to apply the 3 April 1990 Soviet Law on date to the NK case whether for the purposes of justifying its independence or attachment to Armenia.Despite all the challenges and blame shared by all sides, NK and adjacent currently occupied territories are recognized as part of Azerbaijan, with the latter retaining all rights, including military, to return it under its full sovereignty. So, there are many scholars that wrote articles about Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. I want to mention some famous scholars articles. Philip Gamaghelyan wrote article about Intractability of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict A myth or a reality?He provides a stakeholder analysis and examines political, economic, security and socio-cultural kinetics of the conflict. Distinguishing between the positions and the interests of the main actors, the paper evaluates the peace process, reveals the factors a ccounting for its continuing failure and develops recommendations on how the conflict can be resolved. This article is intended to call in question the myth of the intractability of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.Philip Gamaghelyan The intractability of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is not attributable to the lack of vitality of a particular solution. He also argues that any agreement that establishes a definite solution would require some concessions would dissatisfy one or both parties and would produce powerful spoilers that could sabotage the peace process. indeed it is necessary not to look for a fast solution, but to develop a long-term strategy of addressing primal issues of the conflict such as rough-cut perceptions, security issues and democracy.In our opinion, the intractability of the conflict in this article largely originates from the desire of parties to have a sense of the final status of the region, before addressing the underlying problems. I suggest that if this approach is reversed, all other issues are resolved, and an acceptable level of stability and cooperation in the region is achieved, the final status of Nagorno-Karabakh will become less significant, which will make it easier for parties to come to a compromise. Next article democratisation as the key to Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resolution was compose by Tigran Mkrtchyan.Tigran Mkrtchyan theoretically the risks of war or re-emergence of war are reduced by democratisation and exacerbated by reversals in the democratization process, but rapid democratization which was the case by and by the collapse of the Soviet Union may bring weak regimes unable to establish effective control and political order He mention these questions in his article What can democratization give? Can it reach the peace? . And also he mention Political change or democratization can take many different forms and need not proceed in a unidirectional or linear fashion.The significance is that there be fast mo vement towards democracy in a given state. Changes toward autocracy and reversals of democratization are accompanied by increased risks of war involvement. Reversals are riskier than progress. At issue therefore is not the rapidity of change toward democracy but the linearity of the process. Also the elections are indeed the first test of democratization, but by fair and transparent elections only one does not build a democratic society.So the dangerous democratization hypothesis has suggested that emergent democracies may be quite prone to international violence, largely because of deformed institutional forces. The conflict is an obstacle to democratization, the solution of the war in the long run also rests with democratization. Democratization or mature democracies do not wage wars against each other. The democratization tendencies in the Soviet Union made many ethnic-nationalist conflicts within its space because the democratization was incomplete and political institutions wea k.So, he think in order to have complete democratization they need to consolidate their internal institutions and elect or make out a good leader. Last article that I want to mention is Nagorno-Karabakh basis and reality of Soviet-era legal and economic claims used to justify the Armenia-Azerbaijan war written by Adil Baguirov. In his article he maintain that regarding the early claims that the economy of NK region was supposedly deliberately neglected by Soviet Azerbaijani authorities, to both punish and root out Armenians, and this, allegedly, left no choice than for Armenian separatism and military action.Ironically, this argument did not stand the test of time and has been disproved by the fact, that the economic situation of the remaining Armenians in the occupied territories today is hardly better than it was before the war. This is not only the consensus of foreign journalists visiting the occupied territories, but also of the OSCE fact-finding mission in February 2005 he a rgues such like this in his article. Hypothesis. Russians support to Armenia led to occupation 20% of territories of Azerbaijan.thusly we understand that Russia totally support Armenian Governments and it is a one of the cause unresolved long lasting conflict. Russia behind of this conflict as known manifestly wants to keep influence to Caucasus states especially to Armenia, despite of other major powers in international arena. Subjects of study. In our work we are studying Russian role in the conflict and its support for Armenia, consequences of the war, possible ways of resolving. To find out the ways of resolving and to determine the right side we also use UN Charter and planetary Law.Exactly we will look at the International Laws branches sovereignty of the state, self-defense right and self-determination right. Measurement. As Russian support we mean military, economic and political support of Russia to Armenia and its pressure for the Azerbaijan government. Another term i s Self-determination right means right for determining of their future, political system, sovereignty and etc by groups, nations, and autonomies. Self-defense right the right for declaring a war for the other state in situation when it attacked first or preparing to attack.References Philip Gamaghelyan Intractability of the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict a myth or reality? Shahen Avakian Nagono-Karabakh, sanctioned Aspects. www. flashpoints. info Nagorno-Karabakh Azebaijani and Armenian perspectives. Tigran Mkrtchyan Democratization as the key to Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resolution www. wikipedia. org Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict Nora Dudwick, Armenia Paradise Regained or Lost? in Ian Bremmer & Ray Taras (Ed. ), forward-looking States, New Politics Building the Post-Soviet Nations, (Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1997), p. 84 George Joffe, Nationalities and Borders in Transcaucasia and the North Caucasus, in John F. R. Wright, Suzanne Goldenberg and Richard Schofield (E d. ), Transcaucasian Boundaries, (London UCL Press, 1996), p. 25 Adil Baguirov Nagorno-Karabakh basis and reality of Soviet-era legal and economic claims used to justify the Armenia-Azerbaijan war Turkish Weekly Journal Nagorno-Karabakh Problem Claims, Counter Claims and Impasse by Guner Ozkan