Managerial Systems and Operations Management Essay

Administrative Systems and Operations Management - Essay Example No association will ever need to have displeased clients, to accomplish proficiency an arrangement is expected to improve the profitability of the organization. Some of the time an impromptu methodology might be utilized on easiest grounds that may require little changes. Laid out plans must be started to investigations the dangers that are related with a specific execution system in achieving the drafted venture. The last alternative to be considered is the adequacy of the task to the association, these goes about as an appraisal into the genuine usefulness of the undertaking in helping association execution. This paper examinations a portion of the issues looked by Marston Lodge, which over the long haul restrain its exhibition in the market. The paper will basic evaluate the effects of these issues and think of huge arrangements that will pad the issues. A point by point plan will display what will evaluate the related expenses and the methodology that will be taken while starting the venture. Last the finish of the paper will portray how the mechanical task impacts on the degrees of execution in the Hotel; this will think about the requi rements of workers and the board towards accomplishment of value creation (Koontz and Weihrich, 2010). Marston Lodge is a case of an association that is working under insignificant creation levels. Various grumblings hailed towards the organization. For example, long lines and poor states of the rooms delineate that administration and the representatives are not paying attention to their employments and progressing in the direction of accomplishing the set destinations of the organization. This impedes the endeavors of the inn on benefit expansion. The more Marston Lodge keeps without tending to these difficulties, the quicker it debases an in the end getting bankrupt. What is additionally obvious from the case situation is the way that Marston Lodge is utilizing numerous assets to prepare its workers yet creations levels in the

Nosologic imaging and its value for childhood brain tumours Essay

Nosologic imaging and its incentive for youth cerebrum tumors - Essay Example As indicated by the exploration discoveries a most recent procedure has been built up to create cerebrum nosologic pictures dependent on attractive reverberation spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and attractive reverberation imaging (MRI). Nosologic pictures give a rundown of the unmistakable sores and tissues nearness in a sole picture. This is through pixel or voxel shading coding comparable to the doled out histopathological class. The procedure proposed uses propelled strategies that cuts across picture preparing, acknowledgment of examples, portions and order of mind tumors. For better comprehension of how it capacities, here is an outline. For motivations behind division, a cerebrum chart book that is enrolled related to an irregular tissue that is subject - explicit is recovered from attractive reverberation spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) information. Accordingly, anomalous tissue identified is arranged dependent on design acknowledgment managed techniques. Notwithstanding that, ther e is calculation of class probabilities for the strange fragmented district. The new procedure in contrast with previous methodologies is very adaptable. In addition, it has the capacity of abusing spatial data coming about to nosologic pictures that are improved. The blend of MRSI and MRI presents another technique for creating nosologic pictures showing high goals. Nosologic pictures with high goals speak to class probabilities and tumor heterogeneity which help clinicians in creation of choices (Luts et al 2008, p.1). MRSI as a Powerful Diagnostic Tool In the present world, attractive reverberation spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) has been end up being a demonstrative device that is non-intrusive and strikingly incredible. For example, its capacity of distinguishing metabolites has been incredibly productive in routine radiologic rehearses. This is on the grounds that, it profits fundamental biochemical data with respect to the life form atom under scrutiny. Notwithstanding that, att ractive reverberation spectroscopy information has been useful in different procedures, for example, tissue division. The information has assumed a basic job in an assortment of biomedical applications, for example, tissue volume measurement, pathologies limitation, pre-careful finding improvement, treatment arranging and careful methodology streamlining. These applications are critical in taking care of assorted division issues. For better comprehension of different methods of taking care of division issues, they have been part into different classes. These are, for example, classifiers, thresholding, locale developing, models of Markov arbitrary field and counterfeit neural systems. In any case, Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) has been proposed to be a dependable and quick procedure for tissue division. CCA is a strategy established on factual technique. Sanctioned Correlation Analysis has the capacity of abusing at the same time the spatial and ghastly data. The data portray s the information of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI). CCA is effective in the utilization of utilitarian information of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The information has been helpful in map sensor, subjective and engine capacities to cerebrum explicit zones. In this way, Canonical Correlation Analysis has been received for preparing of attractive reverberation spectroscopic imaging information for reasons for identifying locales with homogeneous tissue. The districts are, for example, the example portrayed tumor area. The accomplishment of extreme objective is reached through the blend of attractive reverberation spectroscopic otherworldly spatial gave data and a subspace signal reasonable for range displaying of the tissue type trademark, whose nearness may be in an examined organ and location is required. Sanctioned Correlation Analysis through the use of connection coefficient evaluates the relationship between's double factor sets, and the spectra greatness o f the information estimated and subspace signal. Thereafter, there is misuse of the coefficients for

Catch the Witticisms in Your Essay

Catch the Witticisms in Your EssayThe Catch 22 essay topics can be tricky to research and write. The essay is an argument and you need to be able to argue your point of view well, without taking any part of the writing of the essay too seriously. You do not want to sound as if you are being childish in your work.One thing to keep in mind when you are researching the Catch 22 essay topics is that you do not want to become bored. When writing, people become impatient and lose the plot. This will result in boring the reader. However, by writing something interesting and engaging, the reader will be willing to read on.The Catch 22 essay topics also require that you be creative and multi-talented. If you are writing a corporate essay, you must include a touch of humor or sarcastic comments. It will make it look more interesting and witty, which can draw the attention of readers.Another tip for writing the Catch 22 essay topics is to follow the classic format. Make sure that you use proper punctuation and formatting in the essay. This is important because there will be no room for mistakes in the essay. If you mess up the punctuation and formatting, you can be certain that your reader will skip over the whole piece of writing and that will defeat the purpose of the essay.Catch the witticisms you can insert into the essay. In the essay, you can use witty comments such as 'Oh, why do we suffer the taxes? I must say I really enjoy paying them.'Catch the humor in the entire argument. This will allow you to add both spice and substance to the essay, so that it stands out above the rest.Catchthe catch in the entire essay. Let the reader know what the essay is about by using different parts of speech. For example, you could use the term 'Odd Catch' in your essay, as if you were saying 'There was this one time when this particular issue came up in our office...'When you are writing essays, the Catch 22 essay topics can be tricky. However, if you can learn to become creative and multi-talented with the topic, you will be successful in this type of essay. So, keep the humorous side of yourself and use witty and sarcastic comments in your essay.

The Fourth Amendment And The Rights Of Search Warrants

Because of the new technology boom, over the years the courts are being bombarded with request, for upholding or appealing, in what applies and does not apply, to the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment is within the Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution. The Fourth Amendment, clearly states people have a right to be secure in their privacy, in their own persons, own homes, and their own papers and their personal effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures. However, if there is probable cause of criminal or harmful intent being committed with a particular person or persons, than warrants can be issues with the written out plan of what is exactly going to be searched and exactly whom. Sometimes, in the mist of criminal activity the rights of search warrants are waved. In some cases it is also needed to be determined exactly what personal private space is; for example, with the internet there is cyber space, and with the technology of flight with either air craft or drones. What constitutes personal space? What constitutes public domain? And are warrants required obtaining these spaces of information, or can these pieces of information be seized without search warrants? Some of these questions are being answered throughout the juridical system. Today, common practice is banking on-line, but regardless of whether or not one chooses to bank through cyber space, or personally to visit a banking establishment, the bank does keep records and the recordsShow MoreRelatedThe Fourth Amendment in Criminal Procedure Essay1516 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution was first introduced in 1789 by James Maddison, and was a part of the Bill of Rights which includes the first ten amendments. The Fourth Amendment was created and ultimately it was created to protect two things the right to privacy and the freedom against unlawful invasions. The exact wording of the Fourth Amendment is â€Å"The right of the people to b e secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizuresRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment And Warrants1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment and Warrants The US Bill of Rights, written to limit government power in response to the tyranny of England on the colonies, gave birth to the first 10 amendments to the Constitution. The fourth amendment, contained within the Bill of Rights, will be the principle subject in this research paper. Swanson, Chamelin, Territo and Taylor (2012), noted the Constitution’s fourth amendment stated the following: The Right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers,Read MoreImagine You Are On A Family Road Trip You Drive Through1403 Words   |  6 Pagesto search your vehicle or arrest you. Is the question this legal or illegal for the officer to do? I believe that search and seizure are ethical because it protects citizens from an unlawful entry and provides protection for law enforcement in case a person is dangerous or to provide evidence to use in a criminal case in court. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shallRead MoreCriminal Justice System There Are Warrant, And Warrantless Searches1386 Words   |  6 Pagessystem there are warrant, and warrantless searches. Each are entitled to be covered by the 4th amendment, to protect a citizens rights. With the patriot act, it has made it easier for warrantless searches to be done, and by only ne eding probable cause. Police officers can have the mere suspicion, which is efficient enough to negatively influence what the legal standard means. When issuing a warrant, there is room for error. When this happens, and an officer follows through with the warrant it is stillRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Act Of The United States1378 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is the part of the Bill of Rights that prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires any warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause. In the landmark cases below, the cases went to court because the defendant accused law enforcement of violating their Fourth Amendment Rights. Under the Constitution the Fourth Amendment protects officers of unreasonable search and seizures. Officials as public schoolsRead MoreShould The Police Search The House Without A Warrant?1503 Words   |  7 PagesThey want to search the house and take a look around but you know there are drugs here and alcohol plus minors. Would it be okay if the police search the house without a warrant? Is this legal or illegal in this situation? I believe that under viable circumstances search and seizure is ethical because it protects citizens from an unlawful entry and provides protection for law enforcement in case a person is dangerous and provides evidence to use in criminal proceedings in court. â€Å"The right of the peopleRead MoreThe First Articles Of Confederation971 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens to their freedoms right. This lead Anti- Federalists to argue that if the Constitution did not protect citizens unless authorized by government because it did not have the power to. In result the problem between Federalist and Anti- Federalist lead to having the Anti- Federalist to adopt the Constitution and the Federalist adopted the Bill of Rights in order to protect citizens from government actions (Fourth Amendment). The Bill of Rights was collective to each amendment for protecting the CommonRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment : The Second Amendment943 Words   |  4 Pages The Fourth Amendment Noah Fleck November 30, 2015 My paper is going to be focused on the Fourth Amendment, which sets the baseline for searches and seizures. I will present what the Fourth Amendment is, what the rights of the individual are as stated in the Fourth Amendment, what limitations may be held within the Fourth Amendment, what must be included within the warrant, and more. I decided to write on this topic as I believe that it is important for us as citizens to knowRead MoreOver The Past Decades The Fourth Amendment Of The United1586 Words   |  7 Pages Over the past decades The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution has been very controversial. One of the most debated issues in the courts and among civilians, with regards to the Fourth Amendment, is finding a precise and clear description of what is permissible by law, and also provides individuals their rights, and assures that law enforcement uses proper discretion. The median personnel in all cases involve law enforcement agencies. Generally speaking, if there is a court casesRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Is On Privacy1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe search and seizure stipulate that the Fourth Amendment is about privacy. It gives a prevision of protection of personal privacy to every citizen’s right, not to serve as a fixed protection against the misuse of the government, but to be free from unreasonable government intrusion into individuals lives. There is an understanding that one must know when looking into the Fourth Amendment and expecting protection, t hat must be considered. It serves as a protection for the rights of the people during

Ideal Family Defining the Ideal Family Throughout...

The ideal American family was transformed in the 19th century in large part due to the great changes taking place in the American society. Many family groups fit this changing mold while some did not. In this essay I will show how this concept of the ideal American family changed. I will also try to explain which groups of Americans followed this concept and why. The end of the 18th century was a turbulent time in American history. The country had just won its independence from Great Britain and was attempting to find an identity for itself. Up to this point families in America were similar to British families. The father was the head of the household, but lived in harmony with his wife. The children were seen as part of the†¦show more content†¦Working class families also tended to have more children than middle class families because their labor was often needed to supplement that of their parents. These traits applied mostly to Protestant Caucasians of British descent, but some immigrants were also affected by these economic changes. The changes that shaped this domestic family were not only economic ones. Ideological transformations always accompany drastic economic changes. One such ideological change was the emergence of the Republican Mother. While women were discriminated against in politics as well as other forms of self-expression, they were still needed by the state. Because of the influence that women had in their families especially in the raising of the children the state had to convince women to be virtuous and to bring up good intelligent voters. This ideal was most likely applied only to middle class women as they were more virtuous and did not work outside of the home. Unlike the women of the colonial period, these women were responsible for their children and were blamed when the children were bad. The idea that the children were born as blank slates was also a product of the new ideology of the 19th century. Religious ideals changed in the early part of the century through Enlightenment. Children were, for the first time, being seen as innocent. In colonial time it was seen as the father’s fault if the children were bad because theirShow MoreRelatedEwens Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars Essay1013 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout history, the concept of Americanization has been studied in order to better understand the effects of a mass culture on immigrants. On one side stands the view of an immigrant engulfed in American ideology who leaves behind his past. He conforms to this new individualism and now is able to move upward on the economic ladder. On the opposite end of defining Americanization is the unscathed immigrant who maintains his oldRead More`` This American Life ``921 Words   |   4 Pagesâ€Å"This American Life† was the story of the fractioned view Keith Aldrich’s children had of him, and his daughter, Gillian’s, attempt to reconcile an entire image of her father. Aldrich’s story was one of caution, of becoming too caught up in one’s surroundings. In seeking to become a staple of a piece of time and history, Aldrich disregarded his individuality in order to emulate those he admired. Aldrich life was a pattern of change categorized by numerous marriages and the resulting children. HeRead More`` This American Life ``934 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"This American Life† was the story of The fractioned view Keith Aldrich’s children had of him, and his daughter, Gillian’s, attempt to reconcile an entire image of her father. Aldrich’s story was one of caution, of becoming too caught up in one’s surroundings. In seeking to become a staple of a piece of time and history, Aldrich disregarded his indi viduality in order to emulate those he admired. Aldrich life was a pattern of change categorized by numerous marriages and the resulting children. HeRead MoreAnalysis Between Old World and New World Gender Roles Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout American history, women, have been discriminated against and did not receive the same political as well as social rights as men since America was heavily a patriarchal society. Although women were still not on the same level of power as men in America, when women began to actually make social and political advancements in the early 20th century, their newfound liberty exceeded the independence that women of Old World cultures received and this if evident in the book Breadgivers AnnaRead MoreOverview. Octavia Butler’S Kindred Focuses On The Perspective1731 Words   |  7 PagesButler’s Kindred focuses on the perspective of a black female within two drastically different societies ranging from the ideals of colonia lism to a society of change and acceptance. Butler utilizes Dana’s position in society to portray the cruelty of slavery and the power that society can have on the ideals and morals of individuals, such as the developing character of Rufus. Throughout the book, the issue of slavery is addressed through a multitude of different themes that span across Dana’s differentRead MoreThe Role Of Children During The Civil War877 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history many people, places, and ideas have been forgotten, and then there are some that we can never forget. These memories can be different for all societies and cultures. The events that are remembered not only affect those living today, but changes the way future generations live. This type of memory was especially prevalent during the American civil war. It affected the soldiers fighting in the war as well as the children of those who fought. It is vital that we have an awarenessRead MoreThe Idealistic Centerpiece of American Heritage Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesway some persons were at odds with finding an American identity due to the color of their skin and standard of living. The struggles of those that now called America home were on all platforms; social, economic, and cultural. Some were created more equal than others and this was the grim reality faced by many ethnic minorities. The toil of these people in improving their position in society regardless of circumstance is a prime example of the American dream. Through their perpetual struggle to formRead MoreBritish American Influence on Australia1015 Words   |  5 Pagesnational identity was virtually the same as the British. During this period of Australias history, our modes of entertainment, food, fashion, sporting culture and our social values and attitudes were largely dictated by British culture. One of the most significant changes to have taken place in Australian society since the end of WWII, has been its drift towards American, rather than British culture. As the American way of life was projected further into Australia via popular culture, it would rapidlyRead MoreBlack Masculinity And The Hip Hop Culture902 Words   |  4 PagesIn the predominantly patriarchal history of the world masculinity and what it means to be a man have differed from culture to culture. When it comes to African American history and culture, particularly what it has meant to be a man has no clear set of universal rules or guidelines. There are a few different sources such as hip hop and television many young black men across America draw their sense of masculinity from. On the other hand, there are role models in black communities that many youngRead MoreWhat Defines Us as Americans894 Words   |  4 PagesAnthony Smith Mrs. Williams U.S History March 16, 2012 What Defines Us as Americans Over the years there have been many events that have taken place. These events not only affected the people and the world of the present at that time, but also the future and even the way things are today. Knowing this we must ask ourselves what defines us as Americans? There are series of events that all together add up to define us as Americans such as, the Constitution, Westward Expansion, and the Civil

JPMorgan - Corporate Social Responsibility Essay examples

The expectation that businesses behave responsibly and positively contribute to society all while pursuing their economic goals is one that holds firm through all generations. Stakeholders, both market and nonmarket, expect businesses to be socially responsible. Many companies have responded to this by including this growing expectation as part of their overall business operations. There are companies in existence today whose sole purpose is to socially benefit society alongside businesses who simply combine social benefits with their economic goals as their company mission. These changes in societal expectations and thus company purpose we’ve seen in the business community over time often blurs the line of what it means to be socially†¦show more content†¦JPMorgan Chase is amongst the big four banks in the U.S. with Bank of America, CitiGroup, and Wells Fargo. According to Bloomberg, in of October 2011 they surpassed Bank of America as the largest bank by assets. JPM organ Chase Co is considered to be a universal bank. When a stakeholder visits JPMorgan’s website market or nonmarket, they will find a section dedicated to corporate social responsibility. Most companies provide easy access to this information along with an annual report on their initiatives that year and how they plan to maintain and even further their social responsibility in the next years. In the CSR section companies typically provide us with a short opening statement about their mission in social responsibility at JPMorgan it is the following â€Å"At JPMorgan Chase Co., corporate responsibility always has been central to how we do business, starting with operating with integrity in all we do and extending to all the ways we help our clients and communities navigate a complex global economy. We strive to develop innovative programs that leverage the core strengths, capabilities and expertise of our business and our people – and those of our partners – to maximize our impact. JPMorgan Chase is profoundly op timistic about how much can be accomplished when people come together to do extraordinary things.† From that statement alone one would be led to believe that they are aShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Open Payday Loan Offices1299 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION The purpose of this memo is to inform the management of the benefits of allowing the Corporate Responsibility Committee to play a role in the decision to open payday loan offices. This report is based on the involvement of Corporate Responsibility Committees in other organizations and their benefits to those organizations. CRCs are responsible for listening to the concerns that society has about their business. Listening to and acting on those concerns can create many benefits for theRead MoreInternational Business Chapter 1-42294 Words   |  10 Pagestrade and investment liberalization, that result in environmental and social damage B. Believe globalization will force higher-polluting countries such as China and Russia into an integrated global community that takes responsible measures to protect the environment C. Assert that if corporations are free to locate anywhere in the world, the world s poorest countries will relax or eliminate environmental standards and social services in order to attract first-world investment and the jobs and wealthRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility in Banks2893 Words   |  12 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility in Banks S.Kavitha[1] Abstract Corporate social responsibility stands for business contribution to sustainable development and covers company’s active participation in different fields, human rights, human resources, relations with clients, suppliers, and other stake holders, corporate governance, environment and contribution to community and society. The social responsible attitude is integral part of the identity of financial institutions like banks, and it isRead MoreThe Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: a Review of Concepts, Research and Practice15551 Words   |  63 PagesInternational Journal of Management Reviews (2010) DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00275.x The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice ijmr_275 85..106 Archie B. Carroll and Kareem M. Shabana1 Director, Nonproï ¬ t Management Community Service Program Robert W. Scherer Professor Emeritus, Department of Management, Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA, and 1 Assistant Professor of Management, School ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Chase Co. s Culture Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesconnection and relevance to understanding JPMorgan Chase Co.’s culture. The core of the bank has existed for over two hundred years and has become the giant it has through several mergers and acquisitions over its history. On top of this, Wall Street and the businesses that occupy it are continuously under public scrutiny due to the unethical behaviors that tend to be common in the industry. This has led to a public discontent for the industry, but JPMorgan Chase Co. is attempting to overcome thatRead MoreCase Study : Manager And Assistant Branch Manager1126 Words   |  5 Pagesand financial transaction processing and asset management. J.P. Morgan Co. se rves millions of consumers in the United States and millions of clients from consumers, to small businesses, up to government clients. (De Villa, 2014) (The History of JPMorgan Chase, 2014) J.P. Morgan Co. is built on the foundation of more than 1,200 institutions that have come together throughout the years to form today’s company. Since 1799, in New York City many of their heritage firms like J.P. Morgan Co., TheRead MoreJPMORGAN CHASE Essay2891 Words   |  12 PagesJPMorgan Chase is one of the oldest financial services company dating back over 200 years. It has $2 trillion in assets and operations in more than 60 countries. JPMC’s corporate strategy is it provides services and products in major capital markets. JPMorgan Chase, well known nationally and globally, is leading in investment banking, financial services for consumers, small business and commercial banking, financial transaction processing, asset management, and private equity. AccordingRead More White Collar Crime at JP Morgan Chase Essay1300 Words   |  6 PagesCorporate crime has become increasingly common over the past couple of decades. It seems that every big corporation today has some type of dark side. With the constant trials against corporate officials it seems that many high profile companies can no longer be trusted. We can no longer look at our banks the same either; JPMorgan Chase in the recent two years can be added to corporate crime list. They have committed crimes against its costumers and the government by rigging their bids for investmentsRead MoreAnalysis of the Mission and Vision Statements of JPMorgan Chase 2217 Words   |  9 Pagesvision statements of JPMorgan Chase Co against the performance of the organization. An evaluation of how well the company lives out its mission and vision statement will be provided. The organization’s strategic goals link to the company’s mission and vision will be assessed. An anal ysis of the company’s financial performance to determine the link between the company’s strategic goals, strategy, and its financial performance. A competitive and marketing analysis of JPMorgan Chase Co will be conductedRead MoreAnalysis Of Dewey Cheatum Howe ( Dch )1918 Words   |  8 Pagesrepresented below: Responsibility Process Investment Idea †¢ Traders †¢ Analysts †¢ Portfolio Managers †¢ Traders monitor real-time relative value †¢ Analysts review financial screens primary issues †¢ Portfolio Managers evaluate investment themes, primary issues and relative value screens Fundamental Analysis †¢ Analysts †¢ Head of Research Sovereign †¢ Economic variables †¢ Debt indicators †¢ FX dynamics †¢ Financial strength †¢ Political outlook †¢ Structural reforms Corporate †¢ Financial

Sap Research Centers free essay sample

Shanghai the right choice to locate an SAP Research Lab in Asia? What competitive advantage does this location provide? Discuss the positives and negatives of this location considering the overall SAP Research Strategy. Although Shanghai provides some competitive advantages, it is not the right choice for SAP to locate its research lab in Asia. Shanghai provides the following competitive advantages as one of SAPs choices to locate its SAP Research Lab in Asia: Large potential Chinese market for business applications: OERP software systems are not yet widely adopted in China. In early 008, over 55% of Chinese enterprises had not adopted ERP systems, either used in- house systems or no systems. SME (which had potential to grow into large enterprises) market was dominated by two local players o A potential for many innovative and new designs that may be conceived in China o SAP executives hoped that establishing a research unit would open up the Chinese government to purchasing and using SAP software for tax management and internal administration in the future Government support: o Chinese government provided various support to stimulate greater levels of innovation and indigenous research capabilities in China. Such support included and was not limited to tax benefits for both enterprises and employees, creation of software parks, tightening of IP protection regulation (despite continuing challenges), etc. Establishing a research operation was highly encouraged by the Chinese government, which would help SAP to develop its business relationship with the Chinese government and eventually strengthen its market position in China The existing development group (SAP China Lab): o Most convenient and lowest-cost option o Established connection with the top 10 universities in China to provide access toa uality talent pool Shanghai as a city (comparing with nearby second-tier Chinese cities and some other cities in Asia): o Offered better infrastructure, proximity to other firms, access to skilled employees, and the lifestyle attraction for managers and their families of being in the most international city in China Given SAP Researchs mission to explore emerging technologies or revolutionary appli cations and to direct future product development, the location of Shanghai offered additional benefits besides the competitive advantages discussed above: Collaboration with SAP China Lab (product development) Avoidance of high competition for researchers in some other locations (e. g. Beijing) Despite the above positive aspects of choosing Shanghai, there were more critical negatives of this location: Fierce competition for limited local talents: This was the single most important issue that would veto choosing Shanghai as the location for SAP Research Lab in Asia. There were a few detrimental issues: o The talent pool ot local universities would provide very limited candidates. though China nad over one billion people, Chinese education system was not geared towards producing graduates with innovation capabilities. Only the top 1% of graduates of Chinese masters degree and PhD programmes had received the same quality of education as those graduating from top European and US universities. Even worse, the highly sought-after and globally mobile group was snapped up by local Chinese companies and MNCs or had sought out opportunities abroad, leaving behind largely less qualified as researchers. o Attracting experienced research staff from the US and Germany also proved to be unsuccessful and difficult as well. o There were few pioneering research clusters outside of Beijing, particularly in IT and anagement science research, which resulting in most IT companies (like Microsoft and Tata) setting up their main research labs in Beijing. Beijing also hosts many of the top Chinese universities. Comparatively, Shanghai lacked such proximity and thus did not foster an environment for collaboration and networking among researchers, which ultimately would limit new idea generation and innovation. o SAPs research division was not as well known as its business applications. Hence, misunderstandings and confusion were created in the recruitment process for SAP Research, which made attracting local talents more difficult. Ђ Given the significant involvement in the IT industry from Chinese government and Chinese business practices of relationship-oriented, Shanghai not being Chinas government and administrative center also made it ds-advantageous to become a hub for research labs. Overall, Shanghai might not be a wise pick by SAP to set up its research lab in Asia. 2. How can SAPs Shanghai Research Center be successful in attracting top local talent as well as top experienced researchers from around the globe? Can SAP Research China achieve world-class, innovative research, on-par with Western ounterparts, without offering extremely high compensation packages? Due to its Job nature, researchers often need to be involved in research projects requiring three to seven years of work. To entice employees to stay with the company for a longer period of time will be quite difficult, especially in its Shanghai Research Center, whose host city offers abundant employment opportunities. Moreover, the analysis in question 1 shows that attracting talents both locally and from abroad is a tough competition. So, SAP Shanghai Research Centers employee incentive program will have to ccommodate both short- and long-term. On top of a competitive (not extremely high) package, which have to be in line with its global pay scale, SAP could consider offering a tenure system similar to that of US universities professors. Before granted tenure, research staff needs to fulfill a certain mid-term (say a minimum of five years) employment with SAP research division and demonstrate creative and innovative capability via delivering research achievements. The tenure researchers will be offered life-time employment and opportunities to work in the Research Labs that